绪论 虎鲸类型和种群(第5/8 页)
when a humpback whale researcher observed them in open water. As their name suggests， they travel far from shore and feed primarily on schooling fish. However， because they have large， scarred and nicked dorsal fins resembling those of mammal-hunting transients， it may be that they also eat mammals and sharks. They have mostly been encountered off the west coast of Vancouver Island and near Haida Gwaii. Offshores typically congregate in groups of 20–75， with occasional sightings of larger groups of up to 200. Little is known about their habits， but they are genetically distinct from residents and transients. Offshores appear to be smaller than the others， and females are characterized by dorsal fin tips that are continuously rounded.
Separate fish-eating and mammal-eating orca munities also exist off the coast of the Russian Far East and Hokkaido， Japan. Russian orcas are monly seen around the Kamchatka Peninsula and Commander Islands. Over 2，000 individ
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